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Woman filmed hitting 94-year-old in police custody, records show

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A woman accused of assaulting an elderly, disabled woman in Memorial Village is now in custody, according to Houston police records.

Brenda Floyd now sits in a Texas jail cell for a shocking assault that was all caught on camera.

This all began when the 94-year-old woman's son reviewed footage from a home surveillance camera on New Year's Day, and saw her caregiver striking his mother several times.

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Police searching for woman who hit elderly woman

The victim's son had installed the cameras after he allegedly noticed marks and bruises on his mother.

Police said the victim was struck in the side and on the head for allegedly feeding the dog "people" food.

Brenda Floyd

Tips about her whereabouts flooded into Memorial Village police, and they've been looking for Floyd ever since.

Now, she's behind bars. We are not yet certain how she was located by police, but we do know she is now facing charges for assault of an elderly person.

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Woman filmed hitting 94-year-old in police custody, records show

Atkinson Co. judge indicted after $430K goes missing

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WALB.com, South Georgia News, Weather, Sports
ATKINSON CO., GA (WALB) - A Georgia probate judge has been indicted on charges of racketeering and theft by taking after nearly half a million dollars was stolen from the Atkinson County Probate Court's Office.

Probate Judge Marjorie O’Brien was arrested on January 27, 2017, and charged with one count of theft by taking.

An investigation was launched into the possible theft of funds by the Georgia Bureau of Investigation at the request of Superior Court Judge Howard McClain on January 17, 2017.

During the investigation, the GBI determined O’Brien had stolen approximately $430,000 from the Atkinson County Probate court's Office between 2010 and 2016.

On Monday, O'Brien was indicted by an Atkinson County grand jury on two counts of racketeering and 81 counts of theft by taking.

Atkinson County Sheriff David Moore says the whole situation caught him completely off guard.

"It's like a kick in the stomach. One it's a small county, everybody knows everybody. We may talk about you, but we still like you. It was hard. It's hard for a lot of people," said Moore.

The case is being prosecuted by the Georgia Attorney General's Office.

Full Article & Source:
Atkinson Co. judge indicted after $430K goes missing

Bexar commissioners OK guardianship funding with plans to include program in 2019 budget

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Bexar County commissioners this week approved about $116,000 to fund five months of the probate courts’ guardianship program for people with incapacitating mental or physical conditions, carrying the initiative through the end of the fiscal year.
Judge Kelly Cross, who runs one of the county’s two probate courts, said that while the program still lacks adequate staffing to meet the county’s guardianship needs, she was pleased commissioners approved the funding.

“Any kind of help is good help, so you know what they say, beggars can’t be choosers. I’m OK with it,” she said. “We’re powerless.”

About 96 percent of the funding goes toward the salaries of four guardianship employees: the program manager, an office assistant and two guardians. David Marquez, executive director of the Bexar County Economic & Community Development Department, recommended adding a third guardian in the fiscal 2019 budget.

“That funding could be requested from the (county budget’s) general fund, or we may approach the probate court to see if they would be willing to fund some, or part, or all of the additional guardian capacity that we would add,” Marquez told the commissioners Tuesday.

The money approved Tuesday brings the guardianship’s total funding to about $255,000 for the final 11 months of the fiscal year. In October, the court approved $139,000 for six months of the program, from November through April, after initially omitting the program from its annual budget.

The fund that the probate judges administer had covered costs in October, the first month of the fiscal year. Marquez acknowledged in an interview Mondaythat the funding exclusion was a “funding miscue” and “misunderstanding on my part,” as he was new to overseeing the program.

Marquez added that the program would be funded through the county’s fiscal 2019 budget next year, conditional on the commissioners’ approval. Commissioners Court makes the county’s budgetary decisions, and they set a $1.76 billion budget for the 2018 fiscal year.

Cross and the county’s other probate judge, Tom Rickhoff, have complained of poor communication with the commissioners, even claiming that they weren’t made aware the commissioners planned to consider the funding until Monday.

Otherwise, Cross appeared to see two aspects differently than Marquez and the commissioners: the appropriate caseload per guardian, and whether the program should be designated as one of “last resort.”

The 2014 “memorandum of understanding” establishing the guardianship “pilot program,” signed by Bexar County Judge Nelson Wolff, several other county officials and both probate judges — Rickhoff and then-Probate No. 1 Judge Polly Jackson Spencer — signifies the program “will be a Guardianship Program of Last Resort.” It also allotted about $291,000 for the 2015 fiscal year.

But Cross said Monday the program is not a “guardian of last resort.”

“That’s very important. What it means is, the court can give you anybody, it can give you an illegal alien, head-injured person, no benefits, no housing, no Medicaid. That’s the guardian of last resort,” she said.

She further added the guardianship program could not feasibly be one of last resort because “we have no ability, except through charitable sources, for someone who is not a citizen of the U.S. and would not qualify for benefits.”

The Texas Judicial Council unsuccessfully recommended in 2014 that the Legislature establish a statewide public guardianship office, which currently does not exist.

“A public guardianship office serves as the guardian of last resort when no other appropriate guardian can be located. Texas currently does not have a guardian of last resort, and judges are oftentimes faced with the difficult task of locating an appropriate guardian for an individual,” the council’s 2016 Elders Committee Report & Recommendations reads.

Some court members, including Wolff and Precinct 2 Commissioner Paul Elizondo, have urged state involvement because the county lacks the resources to adequately provide guardianships for enough people.

In his presentation, Marquez said the program was designed for each guardian to handle 25 wards, and for the program manager to handle 15, for a maximum of 65. But Cross said each guardian should be assigned 20 wards, noting that some cases are particularly “hard and time-consuming.” She also said five guardians would be an ideal amount, not two. The program currently handles 45 wards.

On Tuesday, Wolff pointed to the services the court already contributes funding to, saying the county already is “very much involved” in helping people with mental and physical issues.

“There is an array of services — Meals of Wheels is one of them — that we fund, and I think those wraparound services are important,” Wolff said. “And I think it's important to also understand that that is the key point of helping these people. And we fund a number of those that do that.”

During his presentation, Marquez outlined the duties a guardian performs, including many tasks the guardians are precluded from doing. He said guardians cannot “prevent a ward from making a bad decision,” “use force to make a ward take medication” or “place a ward in a mental health facility.”

Guardians also do not “supervise a ward around the clock” and are not responsible for a ward’s illegal acts or for funding the ward’s expenses, he said.

“I think there needs to be greater clarity about what kinds of cases we can and can’t take,” Marquez said. “These are social workers, they’re not mental health professionals. So they have limitations on the types of cases they can take.”

Full Article & Source:
Bexar commissioners OK guardianship funding with plans to include program in 2019 budget

Judge Astacio facing felony gun charge

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Rochester City Court Judge Leticia Astacio was arrested and arraigned on Tuesday in connection with her attempted gun purchase last week.

The official charge Astacio is facing is attempted criminal purchase or disposal of a weapon, which is a class E felony.

She appeared before Judge William Kocher at the Hall of Justice before she was released on her own recognizance. She is due back in Henrietta Town Court on May 3.

News10NBC was first to break the story.

The judge, who has been on probation in connection to a DWI conviction in August 2016, allegedlytried and failed to buy a gun at the Dick's Sporting Goods store in Henrietta. That prompted a report with Monroe County Probation. On a Facebook video that has since been taken down, Judge Astacio claimed it was her sisterwho tried to purchase the weapon.

"I don't play with guns, I've never had a gun, I've never touched a gun," she said.

In addition, in a Facebook post of her own, her sister- Felicia Astacio, said she had never been to Dick's to buy a gun.

According to court paperwork, Astacio attempted to purchase a Maverick 88 .12 gauge shotgun from the Dick's Sporting Goods, despite the fact that she is prohibited from possessing firearms, rifles or shotguns because of a prior conviction. The allegations are based on information and belief by the Monroe County Sheriff's Office and signed depositions from Dick's Sporting Goods employees. Court paperwork says that Judge Astacio had identified herself with her driver's license to the employees.

According to a statement in court paperwork from an assistant store manager at the Dick's Sporting Goods in Henrietta, they had learned from their counterpart at the Greece location that Judge Astacio had been in that store, only to be denied the purchase of a shotgun. The Greece assistant manager said that the Astacio had seemed very distraught and upset and that they had not felt comfortable selling her a gun. Once the sale was denied, Astacio told them that she was going to go and buy it at a different store.

At around 6:30 p.m., a store employee called the Henrietta assistant manager to report that they had seen Astacio enter the store. Shortly after, the assistant manager went to the gun counter at the request of Astacio, who asked why her purchases were being denied. According to the paperwork, Astacio felt it was her right to be able to purchase a gun, and it was explained several times that it was company policy to reserve the right to sell a gun to anyone, and that the denial extended to all stores.

The statement in the paperwork says that Astacio told the Dick's employees that she did not really want a gun, but felt she needed one.

Astacio has been barred from hearing cases since she violated the terms of her DWI conviction, and has only reported to work at the Hall of Justice once since August 30. In several broadcasts on Facebook she has said that her work arrangements are bad for her health and beneath that of an elected judge.

The New York State Commission on Judicial Conduct, the only entity in the state that can punish and remove an elected judge, is investigating Judge Astacio.



Full Article & Source:
Judge Astacio facing felony gun charge

Pennsylvania is allowing elderly to be prey for financial scammers | Editorial

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Pleading guilty to financial fraud didn’t stop Gloria Byars from supervising the finances of about 100 vulnerable people. She easily became a state-appointed financial guardian in Pennsylvania because the state has such low standards, it doesn’t even require a criminal background check for those who manage the finances of people too incapacitated to take care of themselves.

If Pennsylvania’s government cared enough to require a criminal background check, it would have learned that Byars pleaded guilty in 2005 to defrauding several people in Virginia in a check-cashing scam. She served about two years in federal prison.

Her conviction should have ended hopes for a career in finance  — but not in Pennsylvania, where the courts unwittingly appointed her to oversee the financial survival of scores of incapacitated people. In at least three cases, it didn’t work out very well.

Families of former clients told staff writer Julie Shaw a number of horror stories, including  that Byars hired her husband’s company to clean out the Fox Chase home of a couple in their 80s. She charged them $11,000.

She transferred a 73-year-old  woman from her home in Kensington to a Delaware County nursing home where no one could speak the same languages she did — Vietnamese and Chinese. The woman became isolated and depressed.

Byars failed to pay the bills of a 79-year-old retired Philadelphia cop suffering from dementia. His Wyncote home went into foreclosure.

After learning about these irregularities, Orphans’ Court judges not only removed her from these three clients but from about 100 more in Philadelphia and Montgomery and Delaware Counties.

But taking one financial guardian out of the mix is hardly enough to protect Pennsylvania’s disabled and skyrocketing elderly populations from financial abuse. According to the 2010 census, there were 2.7 million people over 60 in Pennsylvania. The Department of Aging estimates their numbers will reach 3.6 million in just two years. That means Pennsylvania will be dealing with even more people suffering from age-related disabilities, including dementia, making them especially vulnerable to fraud.

The state has long known it must protect them but hasn’t done much. In 2013, a rigorous study by the Philadelphia-based Center for Advocacy for the Rights and Interests of the Elderly (CARIE) recommended training and monitoring financial guardians. In 2014, the state Supreme Court made similar recommendations.

Diane Menio, director of CARIE, wisely suggests the state certify guardians, using a group like the Center for Guardianship Certification. CGC requires financial training, an exam, and continuing education for guardians. Applicants have to submit to criminal background checks. CGC certifies financial guardians in several states as well as Northampton County because judges there apparently care that people under their protection are in fact protected.

It shouldn’t be hard to find the center. It’s in Harrisburg.

The courts or legislature can require certification for financial guardians. Or, county courts, like Northampton’s, can create their own rules if they’re sick of waiting for statewide leaders to do their jobs.

Gov. Wolf, the legislature, and Supreme Court have an obligation to protect our parents, our relatives, and, eventually, us.   This is easy.

Full Article & Source:
Pennsylvania is allowing elderly to be prey for financial scammers | Editorial

Responding to 4 Common Dementia Accusations: Stealing, Poisoning, Being Held Prisoner

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What to say when you’re being falsely accused

 

People with Alzheimer’s or dementia commonly accuse people close to them of theft, mistreatment, or other terrible things. 

Cases of true abuse do exist, but more often, these accusations are completely false and are caused by dementia paranoia or delusions

It’s important to keep reminding yourself that your older adult isn’t saying these things on purpose to hurt you. The damage in their brain has caused them to strongly believe things that we know aren’t real.

We explain why responding to false accusations with logic and reasoning won’t work. We also share suggested responses for 4 common dementia accusations: stealing money and things, poisoning, and being held prisoner.

Avoid reasoning and logical explanations


For each of these common accusations, don’t use reason to explain why it’s not true or try to show proof that they’re wrong. 

What works better is to validate and redirect or distract. Focus on validating the emotion behind their words. Let them know that you understand how they feel and that you want to help resolve the situation. Then, solve the problem if possible, redirect them to another activity, or distract them with something they’re interested in.

We share a variety of suggested responses as a starting point for your own creative answers. Each situation and each person with dementia is different, so you’re the best judge of which responses are more likely to work. 

It may take a little experimentation to get the hang of the validation and redirection technique, but it gets easier with practice.

Suggested responses to 4 common dementia accusations


1. You stole my money!
 
Having dementia means giving up control over their own finances. That loss of control, combined with paranoia or delusions, can cause them to think people are stealing their money.

Suggested responses:
  • Oh no, is your money missing? I can see why you’re upset. Don’t worry, I’m going to help you look for it. Let’s start by checking this drawer…
  • Oh no, is there money missing? That can be very upsetting. Let’s check your bank statements to make sure it’s all there.
  • Oh no, it sounds like we need to look into this. Let’s go to the bank tomorrow when it’s open to get it straightened out. Since the bank is closed right now, let’s do (an activity they enjoy).
How to help them feel more in control:
  • Give them a checkbook (fake/old) to help them “track” their money
  • Let them keep a wallet with a small amount of real money (lots of dollar bills) or realistic-looking fake money
  • Keep files of very old bank statements for them to review when they feel anxious
  • Let them write checks to pay bills (all fake/old) and secretly shred them later

2. You stole my purse / wallet / glasses / hearing aid / dentures …!
 
Someone with dementia may accuse you of stealing an item when they can’t find it themselves. It’s easier to cope with the changes in their brain by saying that someone stole the item rather than admit they can’t find it.

Suggested responses:
  • Is (item) missing? I can see why that would upset you. Let’s look over here, I thought I saw it earlier.
  • Oh no, I must have put that in the wrong place when I was cleaning earlier. Let me get it for you.
  • Oh no, your (item) is missing? I’m so sorry that that happened. Could I look around one more time? It may have just been put somewhere to keep it safe.
How to help them feel more in control:
  • Try to find their favorite hiding places for storing items that are frequently “lost” so you can easily find the items.
  • Buy copies of frequently “lost” items (if they’re not too expensive) so you can always “find” it quickly without having to spend time looking for it. 

3. You’re poisoning me! I’m not going to eat.
 
Paranoia or delusions can cause someone with dementia to believe that you’re putting poison in their food or drinks.

Suggested responses:
  • I understand that you’re feeling afraid, but I want you to know that I would never let anything bad happen to you. Have you tried this chicken? It’s delicious. Let’s have some together and you can tell me more about (a topic or hobby they enjoy).
  • While using this or a similar calm response, eat the same meal together or take a bite from their plate to show that it’s safe.
How to help them feel more in control:
  • Ask them to join you in the kitchen and “help” prepare the meal so they can see everything you’re doing.
  • If there are cooking tasks they’re able to help with, let them participate in the cooking.

4. You’re keeping me prisoner!
 
Many people with dementia are no longer safe leaving the house on their own. They can easily get lost or injured in an accident. Because they can’t go wherever they want anymore, they may feel like they’re being kept prisoner.

Suggested responses:
  • It sounds like you want to go out, where should we go?…Oh really, I love that place too? What do you like best about going there?
  • We can go anywhere you like, what did you have in mind?…That’s a great idea! Let’s go after we have lunch. I made your favorite pasta dish, let’s go to the kitchen to eat.
How to help them feel more in control:
  • When possible, agree and accompany them when they want to go somewhere.
  • If it’s not possible to go out, agree and pretend to help them get ready to go. While pretending to get ready to go out, subtly redirect them to an activity they enjoy.

Full Article & Source: 
Responding to 4 Common Dementia Accusations: Stealing, Poisoning, Being Held Prisoner

Protecting special needs inheritances

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I had a client come in this week who was the Social Security payee for her disabled daughter.

Her daughter was on Social Security Disability, Medicare and Medicaid. The father of her daughter recently passed away and was leaving a sizable inheritance to daughter. Mom wanted to know about her daughter's options for the inheritance.

After the consultation, I said this would make a great topic for this week's column and mom agreed. So today, we will be discussing the various options that special needs individuals will have upon the receipt of inheritance from their parents or other loved ones.

No planning.

If the family did no planning, upon receipt of the inheritance, daughter would be immediately disqualified for Medicaid because she had too many assets. The inheritance generally would not affect daughter's Social Security Disability since there are no asset limits with Social Security Disability.

However, had daughter been on Supplemental Security Income instead of Social Security Disability, the inheritance would have disqualified her from Supplemental Security Income since she would also have too many assets.

Once off of Medicaid and Supplemental Security Income, daughter would have to use up the inheritance on medical and other expenses until it is spent down to the asset limits, typically $2,000. Once the inheritance is spent down, daughter could then reapply for Medicaid and Supplemental Security Income.

Financial power of attorney.

In this case, daughter never had a guardian or conservator. Daughter was not deemed mentally incapacitated, but didn't manage her own finances.

Between mom as Social Security payee and daughter's abilities, all of daughter's financial and medical needs have been met and decisions made without the necessity of court approvals of a guardian or conservator. And if daughter has enough capacity to understand who her family is, what assets she owns, who she wanted to benefit, and that a financial power of attorney allowed someone else to handle her finances, she would be able to execute a financial power of attorney. This would allow mom to handle daughter's finances, collect her income and pay her bills.

However, there are three big disadvantages to using a financial power of attorney in this situation. First, it doesn't stop daughter from acting as her own financial agent and accessing the accounts and spending the funds. Since daughter lacked money management skills, this could be very tempting.
Second, daughter can revoke the financial power of attorney at any time. It lacks any type of permanent protection; if daughter revokes it, she no longer has a financial agent and is then in charge of her own finances which is what would offer a little protection for daughter.

Last, just like with no planning, daughter would be disqualified from Medicaid and Supplemental Security Income until the assets were spent down to the asset limit level and then she would have to reapply for Medicaid and Supplemental Security Income.

Conservatorship.

Mom could petition the probate court, with or without daughter's consent, for a conservatorship to manage daughter's finances. This would have a high likelihood of being granted because daughter lacks the ability to manage her own finances, which would be dissipated if daughter took control. Mom and the court would be in control.

Although a conservatorship does offer great protections for the funds and finances for daughter, the conservatorship also has more disadvantages and more restrictions on the funds than most of the other options we are discussing today.

First, the conservatorship hearings and files are generally open to the public at the probate court. Anyone can watch the hearing or review the file.

Second, the conservatorship would generally be supervised by the probate court for daughter's lifetime so long as there are still funds unspent. The conservator must file annual accounting with the probate court for its review. It is not uncommon for the probate court to place restrictions on the amounts that the conservator may spend without court approval, such as no more than $200 per month or $1,000 per year over and above the normal monthly recurring expenses. If mom wanted to buy some new appliances for daughter's home or fix daughter's roof, mom would have to file a petition with probate court and ask the judge for permission for those expenditures.

Last, just as with no planning and a financial power of attorney, daughter would be disqualified from Medicaid and Supplemental Security Income until the conservatorship assets were spent down to the asset limit level and then she would have to reapply for Medicaid and Supplemental Security Income.

First-party special needs trust.

Mom could take some action before daughter receives the inheritance from dad's estate. Mom could set up what is called a first-party special needs trust. This is called a first-party special needs trust because it uses a special needs beneficiary's own assets.

Although this trust can be set up directly by certain relatives, we usually use the probate court to set up these trusts in order to get court approval and give notice to the world that we are seeking this type of protection.

Once set up and funds deposited, mom as trustee and her co-trustees, if any, are the only ones who are authorized to handle the trust funds for the benefit of daughter. Daughter has no power to revoke the trust without petitioning the probate court.

In most instances once the trust is set up, there's no longer any court supervision. However, annual accountings are still needed to be provided to at least the beneficiary. In addition there annual trust tax returns because it is considered a separate tax-paying entity. The trustee or trustees have full access to the funds to be used for the benefit of the beneficiary.

The biggest advantage of a first-party special needs trust is that the assets in the trust do not disqualify daughter from Medicaid, Supplemental Security Income or most other governmental benefits that have an income or asset test.

There is, however, one big downside of a first-party special needs trust, if there's anything left in the trust after the death of daughter, it must be paid back to the governmental entities providing Medicaid or other governmental benefits. This is why this first-party special needs trust is sometimes referred to as a Medicaid pay-back trust.

Pre-planning for gifts and inheritances with a third-party special needs trust.

If mom wants to make a current gift or leave an inheritance to daughter she could have her cake and eat it too. Mom can make a gift or leave an inheritance to daughter in a third–party special needs trust without disqualifying daughter from Medicaid, or other income or asset-based governmental benefits such as Supplemental Security Income. This is called a third-party special needs trust because it uses a third-party's assets, not the special needs beneficiary's own assets.

A third-party special needs trust has all the benefits of a first-party special needs trust. Once set up, mom as trustee and her co-trustees, if any, are the only ones who are authorized to handle the trust funds for the benefit of daughter. Daughter has no power to revoke the trust without petitioning the probate court. There's no court supervision. The assets in the trust do not disqualify daughter from Medicaid, Supplemental Security Income or most other governmental benefits that have an income or asset test.

The biggest benefit of a third-party special needs trust is that if there's anything left in the trust after the death of daughter, it does not have to be paid back to the governmental entities providing Medicaid and or other governmental benefits. Mom can leave it to anyone she wants.

What to do?

In most instances, the best protection for your special needs loved one is a stand-alone first-party or third-party special needs trust that only provides for your special needs loved one. This stand-alone special needs trust should not be included within your revocable living trust and would have only the minimum provisions required to prevent the trust assets from being considered for any income or asset-based governmental benefits, but still provide for your special needs loved one.

With a special needs trust, you can have a happier special needs loved one, enrich his or her life and make it more enjoyable and fulfilled.

Matthew M. Wallace is an attorney and CPA with the Wallace Law Firm, PC in Port Huron and can be reached at 810-985-4320, matt@happylaw.com or www.happylaw.com.
 
Full Article & Source:
Protecting special needs inheritances

In a Rare Step, Commission Recommends Removal of Queens Judge

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A judge’s pet peeve about lawyers saying “O.K.” was one of several reasons the state Commission on Judicial Conduct recommended on Wednesday that he be removed from his seat on the New York City Civil Court in Queens.

In a rare decision, the commission found that the judge, Terrence C. O’Connor, the son of a former district attorney, habitually mistreated lawyers, abused his power and failed to follow the law.

Beyond those infractions, the commission cited the judge for failing to cooperate with its investigation, refusing to take an oath to the tell the truth to investigators and then failing to show up to a disciplinary hearing.

“Judges are obliged to cooperate with official disciplinary inquiries into their behavior,” the commission’s administrator, Robert H. Tembeckjian, said in a statement. “Failing to cooperate, and acting in a manner intended to thwart an ethics inquiry, is itself misconduct, often more serious than the underlying behavior. Judge O’Connor was removed from office for his intransigence.”

Judge O’Connor, who was elected in 2009 and whose term ends in December, has a month to appeal the decision to the state Court of Appeals. The high court has the final say on whether Judge O’Connor remains in office, but is required to follow the commission’s determination if he does not appeal.

Judge O’Connor did not respond to a request for an interview emailed to his work address.

Judge O’Connor is a former prosecutor and private lawyer. He also served as a commissioner on the city’s Board of Elections. His father, Frank D. O’Connor, was the Queens district attorney for nine years until 1966, when he was elected president of the City Council.

Monday’s decision was not the first time Judge O’Connor has run afoul of the conduct commission. In 2013, he was censured for handling the affairs of incapacitated people while he was a full-time judge.

According to a document made public on Wednesday, Judge O’Connor, who sits in Housing Court, berated at least two lawyers for saying “O.K.” to witnesses at the end of each answer. The judge then accused the lawyers of leading the witnesses, struck the testimony from the record and dismissed the cases for lack of evidence.

In nine cases, the commission also found Judge O’Connor had ordered a plaintiff to pay the lawyer’s fees of a defendant in a lawsuit he had thrown out, even though neither side had requested the payment.

The commission also found the judge was withering in his criticism of lawyers, accusing them of being ignorant and rude. In one case, a new lawyer, one year out of law school, arrived late to court and announced he was not ready for a trial involving a tenant he was representing.

The judge ordered the trial to start anyway, telling the lawyer, who was texting this turn of events to his employer: “Is there some course in law school now on how to be discourteous and how to be rude? Because if there is, you must have gotten an A in it.” The tenant lost the case.

Full Article & Source:
In a Rare Step, Commission Recommends Removal of Queens Judge

Special Report: How to protect your elderly family members as financial abuse rises

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Click to Watch Video
More scammers are taking advantage of your loved ones in Wisconsin. The number of financial abuse cases against the elderly is on the rise.

Milwaukee resident 86-year-old Lawyer Story is just one of thousands of elderly who have become a victim of financial exploitations. Story got a phone call from a scammer saying he won millions but had to pay the taxes on his winnings, but the call was a scam.

“’Didn’t no one put a gun to my head, but I thought it was true,” Story said.

The scammers convinced Story to deposit over $20,000 into several specific accounts at a local bank.

“People don't know how it makes you feel when you work hard for your money and you see someone else got it,” Story said.

The Wisconsin Department of Justice reports 5,101 seniors were financially exploited between 2013 and 2016. There have been several cases in the area including a Milwaukee couple that officials say got their elderly neighbor to sign over her house and took control of her $2M in savings.

In West Allis, a woman was being investigated for writing checks up to about $52,000 from her elderly neighbor’s checkbooks.

But, many cases are not reported. According to the Department of Justice, only one in 44 cases is reported.

“It's disheartening to see folks who have worked all their lives, to make sure they're protected in retirement fall victim,” said Liz Oettiker of the Milwaukee Department on Aging, Elder Abuse Unit.

Milwaukee Department on Aging has seen a 20 percent increase in financial abuse cases from 2016 to 2017.

“What we find is that elderly folks who are isolated, family might be far away, or they're developing cognitive or physical or cognitive impairments and are more reliant on others, they're at significant risks for these types of exploitation,” Oettiker said.

The problem could continue to grow. Wisconsin state officials estimate that 115,000 people had dementia in 2015 and by 2040 that number could grow to 242,000.

“More seniors are online. They're having Facebook accounts, they're using email and they're on places where scammers and crooks can get access to them,” Attorney General Brad Schimel said.

Attorney General Schimel has launched an elder abuse task force bringing multiple agencies together to combat the problem.

“We're all working together to see how can we make the laws function better, how can we improve the ability of the criminal justice system,  to investigate and prosecute when seniors are being taken advantage of,” Schimel said.

One of the goals of the task force is to speak up when people see someone being taken advantage of.

"Elderly parents, grandparents, it's important to stay connected with them. Talk with them about what's happening, about their relationships and things like that,” Schimel said.

The state has established a hotline to report abuse at 1-800-488-3780. Officials also suggest the best way to prevent financial exploitation is making yourself or someone close to you a power of attorney.

Oettiker suggests looking out for these warning signs:

  • A sudden new caregiver or friend that spends a significant amount of time with them
  • Missed bill payments
  • Large ATM withdrawals
  • A significant number of checks made out to cash
  • Deed transfers
  • Abrupt increases in credit card activity

Milwaukee residents can also call the Aging Resource Center of Milwaukee County: (414) 289-6874 to report abuse, in addition to the state hotline.

Full Article & Source:
Special Report: How to protect your elderly family members as financial abuse rises

Former Georgia judge charged with exchanging favorable rulings for sex

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A former Georgia probate judge has been indicted for soliciting sexual contact in exchange for favorable rulings in traffic and driving under the influence charges, the Justice Department announced.

Bobby Joe Smith, 77, of Hartnell, Georgia, a former probate judge for Hart County, was charged with one count of bribery and three counts of civil rights violations. He will appear before a federal judge in the Middle District of Georgia on April 25.

Between May 2013 and May 2014, Mr. Smith met with three different women in his office regarding DUI and other traffic offenses, according to court papers. Prosecutors allege that during these meetings, he kissed and groped the women, exposing himself to one of them.

He is alleged to have called a judge in another county where one of the women had a speeding ticket and falsely claimed the women was his granddaughter, the department said, adding that none of the women consented to his sexual advances.

Full Article & Source:
Former Georgia judge charged with exchanging favorable rulings for sex

After felony arrest, Rochester's Judge Astacio suspended with pay

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ROCHESTER, NY (WROC) - Despite arrests, jail time and not showing up for work, Leticia Astacio continues to hold her position as a Rochester city court judge.

But, following her latest arrest, she has been suspended with pay by the Court of Appeals.

Astacio was arrested Tuesday after deputies say she attempted to buy a gun at Dick's Sporting Goods in Henrietta. Under the terms of her probation, Astacio is restricted from owning a firearm.

She is charged with attempted criminal purchase or disposal of a weapon -- a felony. Astacio has previously served jail time following a drunk driving conviction.

As result of the felony charge, News 8 is told the state Court of Appeals has the authority to suspend the judge without pay.

Astacio takes home a six-figure salary, recently got a mandated raise and continues to collect her paycheck despite not showing up for work. According to Judge Craig Doran, who is Astacio's supervisor, she has only been in the Hall of Justice once since August 31.

Judge Doran says he has done everything he can do in his power to deal with the situation. But, Astacio can only be removed from her ten-year term by a decision by the state Commission on Judicial Conduct.
 Full Article & Source:
After felony arrest, Rochester's Judge Astacio suspended with pay

Coalition of Advocates for Georgia’s Elderly meeting set in Albany

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ALBANY — The Georgia Council on Aging and the Coalition of Advocates for Georgia’s Elderly, or CO-AGE, is inviting older adults and organizations that work with older adults in southwest Georgia for a dialogue on priorities for the coming year.

“ENGAGE with CO-AGE” will take place Wednesday at 11 a.m. at the SOWEGA Council on Aging’s Kay H. Hind Senior Life Enrichment Center, located at 335 W. Society Ave. in Albany.

Officials said the goal is to share important updates on legislation affecting elderly Georgians in this year’s session of the General Assembly and enlist support for CO-AGE. The event is expected to be a “lively and informative” hour long program featuring videos, personal stories and reports from the legislative session.

“First, most people want to remain independent as long as it is safe,” coordinators for the event said. “Home- and community-based services make it possible for many individuals to age at home as long as possible. Second, elder abuse is a growing problem, and new laws are giving police and prosecutors tools to capture and punish criminals.

“Finally, as Georgia ages, laws must keep pace with the needs of older Georgians to create healthy and safe communities where everyone can thrive.”
The occasion is part of a series of events across the state of Georgia during the week. The event is open to the public, and there is no cost to attend.

Full Article & Source: 
Coalition of Advocates for Georgia’s Elderly meeting set in Albany

Disbarred Lawyer Jailed on Theft, Elder Abuse Charges

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Richard Vinson Merritt
Former Smyrna attorney Richard V. Merritt, who was disbarred Monday after admitting to settling a client’s suit for $75,000 and then pocketing the money, woke up in the Cobb County Jail Thursday after being arrested on separate felony elder abuse, theft, exploitation and check fraud charges.

The spokesperson for the Cobb County Sheriff’s Office said he had no further information on the charges, which were apparently filed by the Smyrna Police Department. The booking report includes a notation that Merritt is to be held for the Fayette County Sheriff’s Office, where a press liaison said they received a bench warrant for “indirect criminal attempt.” 

He provided no further information, and there was no immediate response from Smyrna police.

On Friday, Cobb County District Attorney Vic Reynolds said there was little he could offer concerning Merritt’s case so far.

“We have yet to receive the complete investigative file from the Cobb Sheriff’s Department,” said Reynolds via email. “When we do, our White Collar Unit will begin the process of determining what charges we will proceed to the grand jury with. In addition, our Investigators will begin reviewing the file upon receipt to see if there are any additional victims or charges which need to be pursued.”
Merritt remained in jail on Friday afternoon.

Merritt is the subject of multiple civil suits in Cobb County, including one filed by a woman who claims he forged her name on a $150,000 settlement agreement and check without her knowledge. She claims Merritt never turned over any funds.

He also faces several legal malpractice and fraud lawsuits in Cobb County from clients claiming he agreed to handle their cases and then never filed them and never pursued any actions.

Merritt has represented himself in each of the lawsuits.

The attorney for a plaintiff in one case, Sapp & Moriarty partner Daniel Moriarty—interviewed before word of Merritt’s arrest was known—said he was surprised at the mild tone in the state Supreme Court’s disbarment opinion, which only said Merritt “settled a client’s personal injury matter for $75,000 but failed to promptly disburse those funds to his client or her medical providers and failed to render a full accounting of the funds to his client.”

“That’s a euphemism for stealing money,” said Moriarty. “I talked to an investigator who has seen his bank records and determined that he had stolen hundreds of thousands of dollars. It just blows my mind what he’s gotten away with.”

According the bar complaint reviewed by the Daily Report, Merritt was retained to handle a personal injury matter in December 2016 and settled it last February, cashing the forged check Feb.7. On Feb. 10, he filed a lawsuit “and continued to lead me on until late May 2017 when I learned what he had done,” the confidential complaint said.

“I have never seen a dime of the $75,000,” said Merritt’s former client. 

Another civil suit filed in Cobb County State Court last year said Merritt forged a husband and wife’s signature on a settlement and check in a medical malpractice case and never told them.

Another complaint said Merritt accepted a med-mal case and continually told his client that he was investigating it. Merritt sent emails saying “All is well and we are moving forward on your case,” and “No worries I’m on it!” 

Then he stopped accepting the woman’s calls, and the filing deadline passed. 

In that case, Judge Maria Golick struck Merritt’s answers and ordered a damages-only trial after finding he “willfully failed to respond” to hearing notices. Golick scheduled a show-cause criminal contempt hearing, and the decision is apparently still under advisement, according to court records.

In the case Moriarty is handling, Merritt also allegedly claimed to be conducting discovery and searching for experts, even scheduling bogus depositions for his clients, only to cancel them at the last minute. 

Merritt was the principal for the Smyrna-based Merritt Firm, whose offices were the subject of several dispossessory actions between 2015 and 2017, according to court records.

Last August, Merritt sued two attorneys on behalf of spine surgeon and frequent medical expert James Chappuis. At the time, Merritt said he vice president and general counsel of Chappuis’ Orthopaedic & Spine Surgery of Atlanta. 

That case settled confidentially shortly after it was filed.

Full Article & Source:
Disbarred Lawyer Jailed on Theft, Elder Abuse Charges

‘You saved my life’: Woman ‘thriving’ after ordeal

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Kise Davis, far left, celebrates the news she is moving from Las Cruces to California with her stepson, Larry Davis, and his wife, Marcia Davis.
On Dec. 16, 2016, Larry Davis got the shock of his life. A neighbor of his stepmother Kise Davis was on the phone, calling from La Mesa, N.M. “I think you should know,” the neighbor told him, “they came and picked up Kise and said they’re taking her to an institution.”

Based on an emergency petition filed by a handyman she had befriended and given her power of attorney, 85-year-old Kise Davis had been deemed incapacitated in a secret court action. She was placed in the care of a Las Cruces-based corporate guardian/conservator for her own good.

There was no court hearing or prior notice to her family, including her closest relative, her stepson Davis, who lives in Sonoma County, Calif.

It took Davis and his wife 14 frustrating months and more than $50,000 in legal fees and other costs to undo what had been done.

The handyman, who said he was only trying to protect Kise, offered to withdraw his petition just a month after it was filed.

But the case had taken on a life of its own as court appointees, being paid out of Kise’s assets, fought to keep her in Las Cruces.

“I think this happened because of the vested interest of the company assigned to manage (Kise Davis’) care,” said Las Cruces attorney Raul Carrillo, who represented Davis and his wife, Marcia. “It’s difficult to think there’s any other explanation. This is a situation where a woman is kept here despite the existence of family and a perfectly great place to go (in California).”

Sandy Meyer, owner of the guardianship firm, Advocate Services of Las Cruces, told the Journal that the guardianship fees were “minimal” and that she was “insulted” by the suggestion that profits were a motivating factor.

After more than a year of legal wrangling, Davis and his attorneys succeeded in convincing a state district judge at a closed hearing in late February to grant Kise’s transfer to California. It was the first time Davis testified in the case.

Davis said he was surprised that chief District Judge James T. Martin of Las Cruces also made him Kise’s guardian/conservator, considering that, last year, the judge put the corporate guardian in charge.

Kise was free to go home with Davis and his wife, the judge ruled.

Elated, but still wary, Davis and his wife were fearful of a new legal maneuver to keep Kise in Las Cruces. They hurried to get her out of New Mexico, packing up her belongings and flying back to California a week later.

She now lives with Davis and his wife, Marcia, pending a move to a nearby assisted living facility in Sonoma.

“You saved my life,” a happy Kise Davis told her stepson after learning the judge’s decision. “I owe you my life.”

Captive, of sorts

Kise, who is of Japanese descent, was described in court as an active and independent woman who has bouts of short-term memory loss. Her stepson said she had been a captive, of sorts, in the Las Cruces assisted-living facility.

She was housed in a memory care unit for people afflicted with more serious dementia, with residents who didn’t talk much, who watched television programs for 10-year-olds, one of Davis’ attorneys told the judge at hearing in April 2017.

The court-appointed corporate guardian dictated whom Kise could see and when; where she could go and what friends and family could tell her, Davis said. She wasn’t allowed to leave the premises, even to have lunch with a friend who had worked with her in the floral department at Hobby Lobby.

“I think she’s stifled to the point where she is not herself anymore,” testified Rita Diaz-Yarter, Kise’s friend from Las Cruces at the hearing in February. “I don’t believe that she should be here, left to die alone in a place where she has no family.”

Alleged ‘smear’

Blocking their attempts to get Kise to California was a Las Cruces attorney who had been appointed by the judge as a guardian ad litem, or GAL, to represent Kise and advise the court.

In most cases in New Mexico, family members are appointed as guardians or conservators.

But Kise’s guardian ad litem, CaraLyn Banks, argued that Kise should stay in Las Cruces under a corporate guardianship.

Banks told the Journal last week that she was acting in Kise’s best interest.

“As a guardian ad litem, you have a certain responsibility to make sure your clients are safe, and I feel like I did just that,” Banks said.

Court docket sheets show that Banks has represented the owner of Kise’s guardian/conservator firm, Advocate Services of Las Cruces, on other legal matters.

Banks also had extensive experience with the company in guardian/conservator cases.

As a petitioner’s attorney, Banks has filed more than 65 guardianship cases since 2012 in which Advocate Services was appointed. Under state law, petitioners propose the guardian to be appointed.

Banks told the Journal she had no conflict of interest in taking on the GAL role in Kise’s case.


This was the La Mesa, N.M., home where Kise Davis, now 86, lived alone after her husband died. Her corporate guardian sold the home last November. (Colleen Heild/Albuquerque Journal)

She said she never represented Meyer personally and only worked for her on conservator cases involving financial matters.

Banks said there are only a few guardianship firms in Las Cruces, explaining why she recommended Advocate Services so often.

Davis, meanwhile, said the campaign to keep Kise in New Mexico involved personal attacks on him.

“It’s hard enough for families to cope with the emotional reality of dementia (of a loved one) without having the added stress and abuse of being bullied, threatened and smeared by court appointees.”

Banks said she never bullied Davis or his wife.

“I bent over backwards to interview them, to talk to them, and they just didn’t like what I had to say,” she told the Journal.

Meyer, of Advocate Services, told the Journal, “Actually, it was Mr. Davis who was behaving badly. We refused to be subjected to his accusations and tirades. After he was represented by his attorneys, we never had further conversations with him.”

At times, during the 14-month ordeal, Davis said he and his wife felt like they “had nowhere to turn.”

He said he checked with an attorney in California for advice but was told that (situation in New Mexico) “just can’t happen. That this would never happen in California.”

The deeper tragedy, Davis said, is that “they took away from Kise one of the last, best years of her life.”

Samurai woman

After Kise’s neighbor told him his stepmother had been taken away, Davis initially thought there had been a mistake.

A retired educator with a doctorate in cultural psychology, Davis said he and his wife had, since 2014, been trying to figure out how to get help for his stepmother, if she needed it, in the home she shared with Davis’ father until his death in 1993. The home is in La Mesa, a rural area south of Mesilla, N.M.

One physician concluded that, eventually, given her memory issues, Kise would need to be cared for in an institution. But that could be two weeks away – or 10 years away, Davis said.

Davis became Kise’s power of attorney and said he asked the state Adult Protective Services division twice in 2016 to assess whether his stepmother could live alone. He said he was told that she was OK.

Kise, he said, wanted to remain at home.

Had he removed her against her will, Davis said, “I knew she would never speak to us again.”

“She’s a stubborn, Samurai woman,” Davis said of the petite woman, who married his divorced father when Davis was 14 years old.

“My life became a lot better when she married my father. He was a career military officer who had served in World War II and Korea. I’d gone to Berkeley, and there were a lot of issues. Kise was always the peacemaker, who convinced me to see his side. Frankly, I wouldn’t have had a father (without her).”

Davis, 75, said he and his wife, Marcia, were in contact with Kise throughout 2016 – until she was placed under the guardianship, although it became difficult to reach her by phone.

The couple had visited Kise that June and planned to travel to Las Cruces again after the Christmas holiday.

Davis said he was never notified that Kise had transferred her power of attorney from him to Larry Franco, a handyman/gardener who said he had known Kise for 25 years.

Davis said he had never met Franco, but his stepmother told him Franco was helping her.

In the fall of 2016, Davis said he learned from the state Adult Protective Services that Franco had called the agency for an assessment of Kise, and protective services concluded she could live alone.

The Adult Protective Services report noted that Franco was Gov. Susana Martinez’s brother-in-law, Davis said.

Franco told the Journal he spent 40 to 50 hours a week helping Kise with projects and errands without pay.

“This has been a nightmare,” Franco said last week. “I was traumatized.”

Franco acknowledges he was slow to realize Kise’s signs of dementia, because, some days, “she was sharp as a tack.”

Franco said he never asked to become her power of attorney. He said that was “Ms. Davis’ idea.” That was also true of her decision to change her will to give him 30 percent of her estate and be her executor, Franco said.

Kise owned her own home and receives spousal military retirement benefits.

In court testimony, Franco said the day came when he had to take away Kise’s car keys for her own safety. When she asked, he denied doing so, Franco testified.

In retrospect, Franco told the Journal he probably should have contacted Larry Davis before contacting his lawyer, who filed the emergency guardianship petition that listed him as the petitioner.

“But I totally believed her (Kise) when she said he (her stepson) wasn’t helping her,” Franco told the Journal. “That’s all I needed to hear.”

Donnie Mendez, left, meets with his former neighbor Kise Davis, right, after a judge agreed she could be transferred from a corporate guardian in Las Cruces to California. Mendez first alerted her stepson, Larry Davis, of Sonoma County, Calif., that Kise had been taken to an “institution” on Dec. 16, 2016.

Kise’s longtime neighbor, Donnie Mendez, told the Journal he noticed that someone had put chains with locks on the wrought-iron gates around Kise’s house. Franco said Kise asked him to do so, because she believed people were stealing from her.

It was Mendez who noticed strangers at Kise’s house, inquired what they were doing, and picked up the phone to alert Larry Davis that Kise was taken away.

‘Interested person’

What happened to Kise Davis is legal under New Mexico law. Several legislative guardianship law reforms take effect July 1, including expanded notification to families of court hearings.

But there will still be a narrow exception that permits one party to seek a court order so guardians can take custody of an alleged incapacitated person – without the judge hearing from others, including, in this case, family members.

“It’s a big loophole in the law,” said Davis. Had he been notified beforehand, Davis said he believes he could have kept the guardianship petition from being filed and found a better remedy to care for his stepmother.

Such emergency temporary guardianship/conservatorship orders are permitted under the law when the usual notification requirements would cause “immediate and irreparable harm to the alleged incapacitated person’s physical health.” The law allows any “interested person” to initiate the proceedings.

Franco’s petition alleged that Kise’s physician advised that she was in need of immediate placement, that she owned a loaded revolver that was missing and that she couldn’t understand her basic finances, having overpaid the IRS.

A letter was attached – not from Kise’s doctor, but from someone on his staff. Later, there was testimony of rotting food in her refrigerator.

Franco didn’t want the job of guardian, so his attorney nominated Advocate Services of Las Cruces.

Its guardians aren’t nationally certified. But Meyer, owner of the company, said they still adhere “to all ethical and legal and moral guidelines.”

The emergency petition never mentioned that Kise had a stepson. Davis was described only as Kise’s “former” power of attorney “who took no protective action” for Kise and”despite medical concerns allowed her to remain, unsupervised, in her home.”

Davis said the court visitor, appointed to investigate the need for a guardianship, said she had been told that Davis was a “distant nephew.”

After Kise was moved out of her home, Franco said he got a phone call from Davis.

As Davis recalled, Franco said he was “in over his head” trying to help Kise.

The two men “compared notes,” realizing Kise had negative things to say about the both of them, Franco told the Journal.

By mid-January 2017, Franco and his attorney had offered to withdraw the petition for guardianship, as long as Kise received 24/7 care in California, Davis told the Journal.

But Banks, as Kise’s appointed guardian ad litem, wouldn’t agree.

She told the Journal last week that Kise had “revoked” her stepson’s power of attorney, “so there was nobody who was able to protect her at the time.”

Banks said she also had “concerns” about Davis. She filed a report with the judge, citing Davis’ “conduct” prior to the temporary guardianship petition being filed. Her report also mentioned “representations made by Mr. Davis’ former counsel regarding his questionable competency.”

Attorney Cristy Carbon-Gaul of Albuquerque, who initially represented Davis, told the Journal that Banks was “misstating what I said (regarding the competency issue).”

Davis and his wife strongly deny the dementia claims, which they say were part of the “smear” campaign to keep Kise in New Mexico.

“For 14 months, (the argument) was that I was negligent in taking care of her and I am not suitable as a guardian,” Davis said.

Change of heart

At the initial hearing in the case in March 2017, Judge Martin sided with Banks.

“Even though Larry Davis has a relationship with her, I think that a corporate guardian and conservator would be better to maintain a professional relationship with Ms. Davis,” Martin ruled.

Kise was “high functioning but does suffer memory lapses,” Martin stated. “She is sometimes overly trusting of individuals she doesn’t know.”

The judge ordered that the parties “attempt” to transfer Kise to an appropriate facility in California.

But, two weeks later, Davis and his wife had to travel back to Las Cruces from California for another hearing, because Banks refused to sign off on the proposed written order, questioning its language.

By then, Davis and his wife had retained another attorney, Peter Goodman of Las Cruces.

“I’m scared by the thought of how much she (Kise) is paying just to have this little hearing to argue about whether to put something in an order that the Judge said he was going to put in his order,”Goodman said during the April 2017 hearing. “It should have been resolved consensually. How much is Kise paying for all of the people who are here today?”

The judge gave the parties 120 days to “file their motion for transfer,” adding that an extension would be granted for “good cause.”

That deadline came and went without any action.

Banks told the Journal that the delay occurred because “we couldn’t get the property (Kise’s home) sold quick enough so we couldn’t get her transferred to a corporate guardian and conservator in California.”

Even after Kise’s home sold in November, Banks never filed for the transfer. Instead, she filed a new report with the court reiterating why Kise was better off in New Mexico.

“There was a concern about money, a concern right from the start,” Banks told the Journal.

Davis hired new attorneys to enforce the judge’s order allowing Kise to move to California.

Then they waited four months for Martin to hold a hearing.

‘She’s thriving’

The hearing on Feb. 26 focused in part on whether Kise could afford to move.

Attorney Carrillo, now representing Davis, told the judge that, despite claims by Banks and the corporate guardian, Kise wouldn’t be paying more to live in California.

Getting rid of the cost of a corporate guardian would provide Kise enough money to live at a nearby assisted living facility near Davis in Sonoma, Calif., Carrillo said.

Alaina Johnson of Advocate Services testified that the corporate guardian’s services, deducted from Kise’s assets, amounted to nearly $500 a month, or $75 an hour.

When Carrillo asked what work was performed to justify the cost, Johnson responded that she paid Kise’s medical, pharmacy, housing and guardianship company bills.

Franco took the stand to endorse Kise’s move to be closer to her family.

He also told the judge that Kise’s corporate guardian had asked him to provide a statement “supporting them, that everything was fine, Ms. Davis is doing well (in New Mexico).” He never did so, and testified that he hadn’t seen Kise in a year.

Judge Martin ruled that he had assumed Kise would have been moved to California within six months and was “disappointed” that hadn’t happened.

Earlier in the case, Banks proposed that she and Advocate Services research and arrange the transfer to California and the hiring of new corporate guardian/conservator in California.

But the judge found that Larry Davis was “qualified, willing and able to serve” as Kise’s guardian and conservator. Martin approved the transfer and dismissed Banks and the guardian from the case.

The judge also ordered Advocate Services to file a financial accounting of Kise’s assets and expenses, but Davis said that, so far, the records provided are “wholly inadequate.”

Davis said he did notice that Banks’ fees of about $20,000 included a $12,000 payment the day before the final hearing.

While living in California, Kise has been reading books on Japanese gardening and birds, her stepson said. She says she wants to tell her story.

“She’s thriving,” her stepson said. “It’s like coming out of prison after 14 months. We’re free at last.”S

Full Article & Source:
‘You saved my life’: Woman ‘thriving’ after ordeal

Tonight on Marti Oakley's T. S. Radio: Abolishing Probate and Citizen Oversight Committees

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5:00 pm PST … 6:00 pm MST … 7:00 pm CST … 8:00 pm EST
Join us this evening as we discuss the movement to organize Citizens Oversight Committee. The purpose of the committees would be to collect data on the nature and number of complaints to the BAR Associations, BAR and Judicial Oversight committees which seem to always end up being dismissed without penalty to the offender.

While the committees would have no force of law, they could be used to assemble data on judicial malfeasance and the corresponding actions by card carrying members of the BAR Association unions. It is glaringly apparent that allowing these associations to "self-police" is detrimental to the public.

Regardless of the fact that the judiciary has "voted" to give itself immunity from wrong doing.....the law and previous Supreme Court rulings say there is no such immunity. Its time to break up these monopolies that have destroyed our legal system.

LISTEN to the show live or listen to the archive later

Ombudsman program gives protection to vulnerable adults

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Residents of nursing facilities, long-term care facilities and residential homes for the aged have rights, but a question arises of whom to contact when residents or their families feel those rights have been violated.

Thomas Kahler, long-term care ombudsman with East Tennessee Human Resources Agency (ETHRA), will discuss issues surrounding this topic at 10 a.m. Wednesday, April 18, at Everett Senior Center in Maryville as well as other information, such as help provided with Medicare/Tenncare, admissions, medications, abuse, transfers, privacy, food, care, discharge and activities. The program is hosted by Blount County ElderWatch.

Kahler, who was named District 2 long-term care ombudsman July 1, 2017, said, “I am an advocate for residents and residents’ rights in nursing facilities, assisted living facilities and residential homes for the aged – licensed care facilities – in 16 counties. There are 128 of them in the 16 counties.”

These 128 facilities house more than 11,000 residents. An average of 100 or more complaints, concerns or consultations are received per month. These are discovered directly from visits to the facilities, calls from a concerned resident, family member or other responsible party, or from individuals reporting anonymously through various organizations.

Human dignity

“Primarily, I work to identify issues or complaints that residents may have,” Kahler said. “I investigate and work to resolve those complaints with the resident, with their consent, to approach the facility, the staff, and work through problems, or if the resident needs me to be their advocate, I will speak for them directly. My objective is to ensure they have the highest quality of care, which I feel equates into a quality of life and just basic human dignity.”

His duties also include acting on behalf of residents to ensure their stay is as pleasant and home-like as possible and providing assistance to family and resident councils to enable them to advocate for change.

With such a large district to serve, Kahler is charged with recruiting, training and certifying volunteer ombudsmen. “These are people in the community who have an interest in serving as a volunteer at local nursing facilities. The benefit of that is that they can spend a little more time in a facility than I can physically manage,” he said.

Kahler also works with other agencies, including the Department of Health, Department of Human Services, Adult Protective Services, Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, and law enforcement to ensure that residents are protected and receive the best possible care.

Cases

Kahler’s presentation will include a wealth of information about the ombudsman program, how it arose, who is eligible to receive the services, details of services offered and upcoming legislation to address the needs of older Americans. He will also speak about elder abuse, neglect and financial exploitation, what these may entail, how to recognize red flags and how to prevent your loved one from becoming a victim.

“Tennessee is a mandatory reporting state,” he said. “Both males and females are affected — there is no one typical victim. It can affect anyone in a long-term care facility. It can seem somewhat benign or it can be very egregious.”

Kahler gave examples of some of the issues he has helped residents resolve, from severe cases of abuse and neglect to making sure they are bathed regularly, receive assistance in eating, and are free of restraints, both physical and chemical. In one case, he was able to speak with staff and administrators at a facility and work out a solution for a resident whose room was at the end of a hall, who told him her food was delivered last and was always cold.

“It’s always something different,” he said.

If a resident or someone concerned with the resident’s welfare has a question or sees a problem, Kahler urges them to contact him. “I will work to resolve issues in the best way we can,” he said.

Full Article & Source:
Ombudsman program gives protection to vulnerable adults

Teaching parents about guardianship of disabled children

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Kaye Dent, an attorney with Frisse & Brewster Law Offices in Effingham speaks about guardianship vs powers of attorney

EFFINGHAM — Sometimes in life, we need a little help from the experts.

The Community and Residential Services Authority, Family Matters Parent Training and Information Center, along with The Autism Program at CTF Illinois, teamed up to host a free workshop for parents with special needs children, in order to help guide them through the transition into adulthood.

Kaye Dent, an attorney with Frisse & Brewster Law Offices in Effingham, specializes in disability and elder law. Dent spoke at the University of Illinois Cooperative Extension Office in Effingham, about different avenues such as guardianship, powers of attorney, and other alternatives for families. About 20 people attended.

“If you have a child with special needs, once they turn 17, you need to start thinking about what's going to happen when they turn 18 and you are no longer legally in control of their life,” said Dent.

During this transition period, parents need to determine such things as whether their child needs a guardian, or if they need a powers of attorney. Also, parents should be networking with agencies such Family Matters, The Autism Program at CTF Illinois and Community and Residential Services Authority, among others.

“Find support that is relative to your child's needs and ask what are the other support they need while they are transitioning, and also possibly, an attorney,” said Dent. “Any disability is one that results in special needs and keeps the child from being able to make all of their own decisions.”

Or it might be a situation that “in the foreseeable future” the child may not be able to make their own decisions, she explained.

The workshop was given to help parents know that once a child reaches age 18, the parent is no longer the child's legal guardian.

Kristin Gharst, regional coordinator for Community and Residential Services Authority, said the workshop was a collaboration of other agencies that invited Dent, who specializes in disability and elder law.

Guardianship is a way to protect those who cannot take care of themselves, make informed decisions or handle financial assets. The attorney outlined what is guardianship, and other alternatives that may be chosen if the person is capable of making some, but not all, decisions on their own.

Dent had worked with the disabled in high school and in college. She went on to earn a law degree, about the same time that the Americans with Disabilities Act became law. Among her law experience included working with a non-profit group that served exclusively people with disabilities.

Today, she helps families plan for the future, in the legal sense, including estate planning and special needs laws.

Dent explained that there are different kinds of guardianship and different kinds of powers of attorney for estate and health care needs.

“A person can be disabled in some way, but still be perfectly competent to sign the powers of attorney,” said Dent. “If the person understands who their family is, who they are and if they are oriented to time, and they know who they trust to handle their business or health care decisions, they can probably sign powers of attorney.”

POA, or what is a written authorization to represent a person, is the less expensive way and it keeps the child involved thereby maintaining maximum independence. The child may have a POA of their health care or estate management.

Or, in a guardianship of their health care or estate management, which is appointed by the court after reviewing documents from physicians about the disabled person's needs.

Dent reminded the parents in the room that having power of attorney over their child's financial matters doesn't give them power over everything.

“If there's something not covered in the POA document, the agent doesn't have the power to do it,” said Dent. “It is a set of instructions from the person signing the document saying 'I'm appointing this person as my agent and they can do these things.'”

While a POA can be revoked when the person assigning is competent, in a guardianship appointed by the court, you have a duty to act, until the court tells you otherwise.

“If you seek a guardianship, it has to have a physician's report,” said Dent. “The physician has to give an opinion that the alleged disabled person needs a guardian. And they have to state specific reasons for the court.”

The workshop included information such as the POA is decided by the disabled person's functioning, not a diagnosis. It keeps the person's dignity and prepares them for the most independence. Guardianship should be as narrowly tailored as possible.

Dent said while legal fees can add up, there are assistance agencies for civil matters, such as Land of Lincoln Legal Assistance Foundation, and also local attorneys that provide pro bono services in some qualifying cases.

“There are ways around the expense, if you qualify financially,” said Dent. “Nobody should think there is a financial barrier for guardianship, if they need it.”

Full Article & Source: 
Teaching parents about guardianship of disabled children

Stan Lee Needs a Hero: Elder Abuse Claims and a Battle Over the Aging Marvel Creator

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At Marvel in New York in the '60s, he created the comic book characters that dominate the box office today. But at 95 and reeling from his wife's death and a fight with his daughter, Lee stands at the center of a nasty battle for his care (and estate) as one friend pleads for help: "He's in need of a superhero himself."

Back in early February, fighting what he later called "a little bout of pneumonia," 95-year-old Stan Lee had an argument with his 67-year-old daughter, J.C. This was hardly unusual, but it seems to have been a breaking point.
The comic book legend — whose creative tenure at the helm of Marvel Comics beginning in New York in the early 1960s spawned Spider-Man, Black Panther and the X-Men and laid the foundation for superhero dominance in Hollywood that continues with the April 27 release of Avengers: Infinity War— sat in the office of his attorney Tom Lallas and signed a blistering declaration.

The Feb. 13 document, obtained by The Hollywood Reporter, begins with some background, explaining that Lee and his late wife had arranged a trust for their daughter because she had trouble supporting herself and often overspent. "It is not uncommon for J.C. to charge, in any given month, $20,000 to $40,000 on credit cards, sometimes more," the document states. It goes on to describe how, when he and his daughter disagree — "which is often" — she "typically yells and screams at me and cries hysterically if I do not capitulate."

Lee explains that J.C. will, "from time to time," demand changes to her trust, including the transfer of properties into her name. He has resisted such changes, he states, because they "would greatly increase the likelihood of her greatest fear: that after my death, she will become homeless and destitute."

The declaration then explicates how three men with "bad intentions" — Jerardo "Jerry" Olivarez, Keya Morgan and J.C.'s attorney, Kirk Schenck — had improperly influenced his daughter, a woman with "very few adult friends." The document claims the trio has "insinuated themselves into relationships with J.C. for an ulterior motive and purpose": to take advantage of Lee and "gain control over my assets, property and money."

Lee's estate is estimated to be worth between $50 million and $70 million (it's been reported he receives $1 million a year for his Marvel ties). And while his primary role with the company is now mostly ceremonial — including a cameo in nearly every film — he remains a deity in fanboy culture. Despite the fact that his health requires nursing care at home and on the road, up until his most recent illness, Lee was a jovial regular at international comic conventions, where he can draw thousands of paying autograph seekers.

A few days after the declaration was notarized, however, Lee changed his mind — or someone did. Whatever happened, Lallas was soon out as Lee's attorney in a confrontation that grew tense enough that the LAPD was called to the legend's Hollywood Hills home.

Morgan and J.C. began consolidating their power over Lee. Mike Kelly, Lee's assistant for nearly a quarter-century who used to come by the house most days for one-on-one meetings, was limited to weekly pre-approved and supervised visits. A new accountant (Vince Maguire, Tobey's brother and Morgan's friend) was hired. The housekeeper and gardener, who had been with Lee for decades, were sent packing. And a revolving door of lawyers were retained over six weeks until the pair introduced Lee to his current counsel, Jonathan Freund.

Lee's phone number has been changed, and his emails are being monitored and composed by Morgan. ("Stan Lee has macular degeneration and his eyes cannot see small letters," Morgan explains. "I have been taking him to the eye doctor and reading his e-mails for him for many years. This is his request, and he thanks me for helping him.")

When Morgan learned that THR had obtained a copy of the seemingly damning declaration, he filmed a video of Lee distancing himself from the document. In the clip, while Lee doesn't deny signing the declaration, he calls its contents "totally incorrect, inaccurate, misleading and insulting." (Lallas says he went through the contents with Lee "word by word, line by line.")

In the video, an animated and robust Lee goes on to state that "my relationship with my daughter has never been better, and my friend Keya Morgan and I also have a great relationship … anybody who is saying anything [else] … is just spreading lies."

J.C. declined to speak with THR. Instead, Schenck, her lawyer, says "the story isn't that J.C. is taking advantage of her father, but that she's potentially being taken advantage of by multiple men." Lee himself remains mostly silent, except for the brief recorded statements coordinated and released by Morgan.

However, nearly all of the other players in the messy drama over Lee's estate and well-being are speaking out. Their often conflicting stories reveal an increasingly toxic and combative situation involving broken alliances, abrupt expulsions and allegations of elder abuse against one of America's most influential and beloved cultural icons. On several occasions, the turmoil drew the attention of law enforcement.

Says one longtime insider: It's "an utter shit show."

Lee and Joanie in Beverly Hills in 2012. During their 69 years of marriage, she kept their household in order.
Kevin Winter/Getty Images
Lee and Joanie in Beverly Hills in 2012. During their 69 years of marriage, she kept their household in order.
As much as Stan Lee's public life was defined by his fame and achievements, his family was shaped by the forceful personalities of his strong-willed, England-born, former-model wife, Joan, and their long-troubled dilettante daughter. In their charmed seven-decade marriage, Joanie (as everyone called her) had urged Lee to take key professional risks, most notably to create the Fantastic Four — revolutionary at the time for being superheroes with real flaws — while she maintained the resolute last word on the couple's household affairs.

Until recently, Lee and Joanie had been blessed with the good fortune of surviving into their 90s with mental acuity and physical agility that wowed those around them. But Joanie's death from a stroke on July 6 at age 95 marked the end of their evening martini ritual at home in the exclusive Bird Streets of the Hollywood Hills (Leonardo DiCaprio is a neighbor) — and the beginning of pandemonium.

Signs abounded that chaos would reign if Joanie were the first to die. There was Lee's people-pleasing habit of telling whoever was in front of him whatever they wanted to hear, his history of bad financial decisions (like never properly cashing in on Marvel) and his susceptibility to bad actors (including a doomed partnership called Stan Lee Media with Peter F. Paul, a convicted drug dealer). Add to this Lee's Depression-bred distrust of banks, leading to rumors he'd hid millions in cash all over his property.

Joanie was always more successful at handling their unruly only daughter, with whom Stan has a powder-keg relationship. Though some with an intimate knowledge of the household speak of her vivacious spirit and kindness, the never-married J.C. also has a reputation as a prodigious shopper with an ill-tempered personality who has been kicked out of multiple businesses around Los Angeles, including, according to a dining companion at the time, the Chateau Marmont. She's chafed at what she sees as unjust restrictions on her trust and has taken that out on her father. According to medical personnel who have cared for Lee, J.C.'s badgering, often insulting phone calls to her father (which can number in the dozens a day and which, out of a mix of guilt and love, he nearly always answers) frequently leave him hoarse from fighting. "For any little thing, she'll argue," says a former caregiver. "She's very inconsiderate."

According to household staff and business associates, there have been times when J.C.'s verbal outbursts have turned physical. One incident took place in winter 2014, explains Lee's former business and asset manager Bradley J. Herman, after J.C. discovered that the new Jaguar convertible parked outside, which she thought had been purchased for her, was in fact only leased — and in her father's name. Herman, in Stan's office to handle some paperwork, recalls that the argument spiraled out of control after J.C. called her parents "fucking stupid" and Joanie told her the car was "now [Joanie's.]"

According to Herman — whose active Hollywood client list he keeps private but who previously worked for Johnny Carson and Frank Sinatra — J.C. then roughly grabbed her mother by one arm, shoving her against a window. Joanie fell to the carpeted floor. Lee, seated in a nearby chair and looking stunned, told J.C. he was cutting her off: "I'm going to stick you in a little apartment and take away all your credit cards!" Herman recalls Lee shouting. "I've had it, you ungrateful bitch!" In "a rage," J.C. took hold of Lee's neck, slamming his head against the chair's wooden backing. Joanie suffered a large bruise on her arm and burst blood vessels on her legs; Lee had a contusion on the rear of his skull. (J.C. has previously denied the incident.)

Shortly afterward, allegedly at Joanie's behest, Herman took photos that purport to show her injuries, which he shared with THR (another visitor to the house shortly thereafter confirms the wounds). Herman contends the parents asked him not to pursue the matter with police, wary of publicity and law enforcement for their daughter, whom they viewed as emotionally fragile and who they told intimates was still haunted — even as a senior citizen herself — by the bullying of her childhood.


Olivarez, one of the "three men" named with "bad intentions" in Lee's Feb. 13 declaration, has known him since 2010. A florist-turned-publicist, Olivarez initially entered the fold as a consultant to J.C. and Joanie's various go-nowhere creative endeavors (including a Swarovski crystal-studded tie line) before ending up with power of attorney over Lee after Joanie's death and the title of "senior advisor" that sounds more glamorous than the reality: the grind of caretaking. Olivarez handled doctors' appointments and found new nurses for Lee. "He said, 'I rely on Jerry,'" Olivarez recalls Lee telling him.

Still, Olivarez's newfound prominence put him on a collision course with two men who had their own long-standing surrogate-son relationships with Lee. The first was Max (nee Mac) Anderson, a burly and brusque figure with a criminal record who had worked for more than a decade as Lee's road manager, handling appearances and running a pop-up memorabilia exhibition on the Comic-Con circuit called the Stan Lee Museum. And then there was the bowler-hatted Keya Morgan, a noted dealer in rare memorabilia and artifacts pertaining to American cultural figures (particularly Marilyn Monroe and Michael Jackson) who has turned his attention to producing, including an attempt to jump-start a Lee biopic.

By December, Olivarez, who has a decades-long history of financial liens, had been iced out of Lee's life. Morgan and Anderson accused him of writing himself a $300,000 check and buying an $850,000 condo with misappropriated Lee funds.

"Mr. Lee told me I had given him a new lease on life after Mrs. Lee's passing," Olivarez says. "I had looked out for him during recent contract negotiations with Pow! [Entertainment, the production company Lee co-founded in 2001.] He gave me a check as a thank-you." As for the condo, Olivarez claims Lee is on the title and that, because of unspecified death threats Olivarez had received, Lee had wanted him to live close in "a secure building where he thought I'd be safe."

According to Olivarez, Morgan and Anderson felt threatened by his clout with Lee and fabricated these charges to drive a wedge between them. He says Morgan wanted Lee to quit Pow! and enter into an arrangement with a business contact of Morgan's, and he became upset when Olivarez thwarted that plan. Meanwhile, Olivarez says Anderson grew hostile when he scrutinized Anderson's claim that he owned the artifacts in the Stan Lee Museum outright, rather than possessing them on loan. (Olivarez provided an Aug. 7, 2017, declaration in which Lee asserts he and Anderson split the proceeds of the museum 50/50, that all memorabilia he provided to Anderson for display was "only on loan" and that Lee "could revoke the loan at any time." For his part, Anderson shared an undated document signed by Lee asserting the materials were given to the museum "as personal gifts.")

Olivarez believes Morgan led a "smear campaign" against him that continues to this day. He cites a recent attempt to taint an idea he calls a "cool" merchandising effort — blending Lee's blood into special "DNA" ink used in pens and stamps — into something sinister. He says that while J.C. helped originate the idea and Lee was on board, in an effort to discredit Olivarez, Morgan has been spreading lies that he stole the blood (including speaking with TMZ, which trumpeted that Lee's "Business Associate Is a Bloodsucker!!!" on April 2). Olivarez notes that Lee's physician not only approved of the endeavor but also is a signatory on each item's certificate of authenticity. (While Morgan does not deny speaking with the media when called, he denies being the source of leaks.)

"There's a reason [Morgan and Anderson] wanted me out of there," says Olivarez. "If I'm there, there are no shenanigans."

Not long after Olivarez was ousted, Morgan turned on Anderson, setting up a combustible battle of personalities: Morgan is a gossipy, fast-talking name-dropper in designer suits who frequently threatens to litigate to intimidate; Anderson's blunt and growly demeanor is intimidating on its own. Now each is attempting to position himself as the hero of Lee's story, the other as its villain.

Morgan, who attended Peter Parker's alma mater, Forest Hills High School in Queens, keeps a sculpture of Spider-Man in his bedroom. ("I think it's a character greater than Mickey Mouse, greater than Zeus.") Anderson, meanwhile, commissioned a life-sized fiberglass statue of Lee, bedecked with a pair of Lee's Ray-Ban glasses ("Joanie put them there herself") that resides in his living room. Anderson believes Morgan systematically moved to eliminate him from the fold beginning in January by leaking his criminal record (Anderson had been convicted in Riverside, California, of domestic violence against his wife in 2002, serving a year in prison plus 36 months' probation, then was given another 36 months' probation and anger management for a second domestic incident in 2010). Anderson says Morgan also planted a series of damaging news stories about his alleged failings as Lee's tour manager, including one involving his alleged culpability for an incident during which a masseuse accused Lee of sexual improprieties in his hotel suite during a Chicago convention. (Morgan denied leaking the story.)

What is certain is that Anderson was excommunicated from the inner circle on Feb. 16, ostensibly for his alleged theft of items for the museum, for allegedly skimming money from Lee's appearance fees, and for his lax management on tour — all of which he vehemently denies. Now Morgan and Anderson are engaged in an ongoing war that has engulfed Lee's staff.

For example, in a video shared with THR, one of Lee's nurses tearfully informs J.C. and Morgan that Anderson flagged her down on the street and offered her $50,000 to sign a declaration saying that Lee was being held against his will. Anderson acknowledges that he asked her to make such a statement, believing it to represent the truth, but maintains, "I did not bribe her. I only promised her one simple thing — to protect her. I said the police will protect her. I said, 'You are mandated to report if you see something wrong.' She said, 'I am an immigrant, and I can't get involved in anything.'"

Anderson points out that he already "did my time" for his convictions and "we do things in life that we regret." He says it's ironic that Morgan might be leaking his prison records, since Morgan himself is on 24 months' probation and required to complete a 12-session anger management program for a criminal threat conviction. "He's making an issue of something about me, which happened way before [his association with] Stan, while he has something that happened during his time with Stan. Who's calling the kettle black?"  (Click to Continue)

Full Article & Source:
Stan Lee Needs a Hero: Elder Abuse Claims and a Battle Over the Aging Marvel Creator

Tonight on Marti Oakley's T. S. Radio: Hospice Survivors and Victims With Carly Walden

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5:00 pm PST … 6:00 pm MST …
7:00 pm CST … 8:00 pm ES
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Carly hosts: Dorothy Knightly

Dorothy's husband was put into Hospice. Unknown to them, was the fact that her husband had an infection. Because he was in Hospice, the infection was not treated and became septic. The infection was not treated because he had been put into "palliative care".....meaning terminal sedation. Palliative care (terminal, hastening the end of life) is started after 'futility of care" is pronounced by the physician.

Imagine seeing your loved one drugged into a stupor so that death comes long before it should. Refusing to treat an infection and allowing it to progress into a life-threatening event? Withholding nutrition and hydration is standard procedure. Add the intentional withholding of necessary medical care, and then drug the individual so that they can not cry out or complain. It is a slow and painful death.

We treat prisoners on death row better than we treat the elderly or the disabled. At least a death row prisoner gets a last meal and the process of death is comparably swift, and a prisoner can appeal the efforts to end his life. Not so in Hospice.

LISTEN LIVE or listen to the archive later

New Court Filing Argues the State's Guardianship System Puts the Disabled at Risk

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Thomas Coleman (left), appearing on a talk show aired by the Arc of Riverside County, said failings in the guardianship system put the disabled at risk of exploitation and abuse. - COURTESY OF THE SPECTRUM INSTITUTE
Courtesy of the Spectrum Institute
    Thomas Coleman (left), appearing on a talk show aired by the Arc of Riverside County, said failings in the guardianship system put the disabled at risk of exploitation and abuse. abuse.
A group that advocates for the rights of the disabled has filed a class action complaint with the Texas Supreme Court arguing that the state's adult guardianship system violates parts of the Americans With Disabilities Act.

The Spectrum Institute, which made similar court filings in Missouri and Washington, says Texas' state-appointed attorneys are often unable to adequately represent people placed in guardianship — typically those with mental impairments that prevent them from looking after themselves. What's more, attorneys may have financial incentive to aid probate judges at the expense of the people they're representing, according to the filing.

Officials with Texas Health and Human Services, which administers a state guardianship program, declined comment on the filing since the appointment of attorneys is a court function.

"In many cases, someone in the prison system has more rights to make decisions about his own life than someone in guardianship," said Thomas Coleman, Spectrum Institute's legal director. "He can make decisions about his own medical care or about his finances. In many cases, these individuals cannot. That makes them especially vulnerable."

Without adequate court representation, disabled people face the risk of exploitation, abuse and neglect at the hands of their caretakers, Coleman added.

Currently, 54,000 Texas adults are under guardianship in the state and more than 4,500 cases are filed annually, according to Spectrum Institute. The majority of people under guardianship in the state have intellectual or developmental disabilities, but some are seniors experiencing cognitive decline. Both populations are expected to grow over coming years.

The population of Texas seniors has increased more than 19 percent since 2012 to 3.4 million.

Full Article & Source:
New Court Filing Argues the State's Guardianship System Puts the Disabled at Risk
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